http://preo.ube.fr/crescentis/index.php?id=1355 Entrées d’index fr 0 http://preo.ube.fr/crescentis/index.php?id=1350 Le village de La Rochepot, proche du bourg de Nolay, dans l’Arrière-Côte beaunoise, est caractéristique de cette périphérie qui, de la fin du xviiie siècle au début du xxe, a connu un mode de développement original. Celui-ci s’est fondé sur l’essor d’une viticulture de vin « commun » (le cépage gamay) destinée à satisfaire les besoins d’une clientèle populaire croissante dans un contexte d’urbanisation et d’industrialisation. La conversion viticole au détriment de l’agriculture céréalière traditionnelle culmina dans les années 1855-1880 de prospérité à La Rochepot comme dans toute l’Arrière-Côte beaunoise avant l’invasion phylloxérique (en 1882). Avec la reconstitution du vignoble au début du xxe siècle, il n’y avait pourtant plus de place pour les vins ordinaires de la Côte-d’Or, concurrencés par les « usines à vin » du Languedoc et les importations de l’Algérie coloniale. Le déclin viticole et démographique fut accentué et aggravé par les deux guerres mondiales, avant un nouvel essor dans la seconde moitié du siècle. The village of La Rochepot, close to the town of Nolay, in the Arrière-Côte beaunoise, is characteristic of this peripheral area which, from the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th, experienced an original mode of development. It was based on the growth of a “common” viticulture, based on “common” wine (based on the Gamay plant) intended to meet the needs of a growing popular clientele in a context of urbanization and industrialization. Thanks to the richness of local archives, we have been able to retrace the successive phases. Before the Revolution, winegrowing, even though it has been documented since the Middle Ages, remained a marginal activity, in the hands of modest actors, peasants or petty bourgeois.After the Revolution, and its upheavals in property structures, the wine sector took on increasing importance, driven by a favourable context: the development of nearby industrial centres, urbanisation, a relative rise in the standard of living, the development of a modern transport network… everything converged to favour the conversion of wine-growing at the expense of traditional cereal farming. The years 1855-1880 were the height of prosperity in La Rochepot, as in the whole of the Arrière-Côte Beaune.But the phylloxera invasion (1882 in La Rochepot) brought ruin to the region. With a few years' delay on the Côte, the destruction of the French vines and their costly replacement by American grafted plants, the vineyard was more or less reconstituted at the turn of the new century. But by then, there was no longer any room on a market that was now fully national, for the ordinary wines of the Côte d’Or, competing with the "wine factories" of the Languedoc and imports from Algeria. The overproduction, worsened by cyclical accidents (cryptogamic diseases), led in turn to a serious social crisis which resulted in a brutal demographic decline. In the thirty years preceding the First World War, La Rochepot lost 20% of its population.This decline was to increase in the following years, aggravated by the two world wars, before a newboom in the second half of the century. jeu., 15 juin 2023 15:56:04 +0200 mer., 04 oct. 2023 11:10:37 +0200 http://preo.ube.fr/crescentis/index.php?id=1350